Abstract Rumination, as a cognitive process contributing to the persistence of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), can be measured using the Rumination on Obsessions and Compulsions Scale (ROCS), a reliable measure of the scales of mental neutralizing, symptom rumination, and acceptance. However, the previous validation study had some limitations, including a relatively small sample size and a failure to evaluate the overall factor structure. The present study aimed to validate the ROCS and assess its ability to predict OCD symptoms in an Iranian sample of OCD (n = 300), major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 150), and healthy individuals (n = 300). The findings revealed a three-factor structure [...]

Abstract Personality dysfunction operationalized as impairment in self- and interpersonal functioning is a characteristic of personality disorders. The metacognitive model suggests that dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs are a common cause of psychological disorders, but the relevance and importance of metacognitions for personality dysfunction is less explored and was the objective for the current study. In a sample of 1278 individuals, we conducted a multiple hierarchical regression analysis to test the predictive role of metacognitive beliefs for personality dysfunction. We found a unique and independent contribution from negative beliefs about the uncontrollability and danger of worry and lower cognitive confidence to personality [...]

Abstract This study investigates the relation between eating disorder (ED) psychopathology and insomnia symptoms in Iran. Using network analysis with Iranian participants (N = 1956) who completed the Farsi versions of the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (F-EDE-Q) and the Insomnia Severity Index (F-ISI), we identified central and bridge symptoms within the ED and insomnia network. Central symptoms included a strong desire to lose weight, discomfort in seeing one’s body, and fear of weight gain. Symptoms that served as bridges between ED and insomnia included difficulties in staying asleep, the impact of sleep problems on quality of life, and the influence of body shape on [...]