The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) will be one of the three Pelotas MUN 2020 committees, check out more details on the functioning of the main international security body.
The advice
The Security Council is responsible for international peace and security, being the only organ of the organization that can adopt mandatory resolutions, that is, that all members of the United Nations must accept and comply with their decisions.
Resolutions
According to Article 25 of the Charter of the United Nations, “the members of the Organization undertake to accept and apply the decisions of the Security Council”, and so their decisions have international legal value. The draft of a resolution can take several months under construction, being drafted, discussed, voted on and finally applied. Any member of the United Nations can submit a draft resolution, but only members of the Council can put it up for discussion.
Members
The Council consists of 15 members: five permanent, who have veto power – United States, Russia, United Kingdom, France and China are part of that group, while the other ten non-permanent members are elected by the United Nations General Assembly, for two-year terms in which five are replaced each year. Niger, Tunisia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Vietnam and Estonia have taken office this year.
Remodeling
A reform of the Council is advocated by numerous members of the organization, mainly by non-permanent members. The admission of other permanent members is one of the main points, but the expansion of the number of members in general is also mentioned, while a possible reform of the veto power is the subject of major discussions. Brazil, through the Itamaraty, defends mainly the inclusion of new permanent members with veto power in the body.