{"id":2327,"date":"2025-07-28T08:00:01","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T11:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/?p=2327"},"modified":"2025-07-26T18:32:25","modified_gmt":"2025-07-26T21:32:25","slug":"o-fim-da-era-militar-francesa-na-africa-por-giancarlo-gouveia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/2025\/07\/28\/o-fim-da-era-militar-francesa-na-africa-por-giancarlo-gouveia\/","title":{"rendered":"O fim da era militar francesa na \u00c1frica por Giancarlo Gouveia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A decis\u00e3o da Fran\u00e7a de retirar suas tropas do Senegal, encerrando oficialmente sua presen\u00e7a militar permanente na \u00c1frica Ocidental, representa mais do que uma reconfigura\u00e7\u00e3o log\u00edstica, marca o fim simb\u00f3lico de uma era de influ\u00eancia direta sobre o continente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Anunciada em julho de 2025, essa movimenta\u00e7\u00e3o d\u00e1 continuidade ao recuo franc\u00eas iniciado com a expuls\u00e3o de tropas do Mali, Burkina Faso e N\u00edger nos \u00faltimos anos, e se insere no contexto mais amplo da eros\u00e3o da legitimidade da presen\u00e7a militar europeia no Sahel.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Desde o fim da Opera\u00e7\u00e3o Barkhane em 2022, o discurso franc\u00eas passou a priorizar uma \u201cnova parceria igualit\u00e1ria\u201d com os pa\u00edses africanos, conforme reiterado por autoridades francesas e evidenciado pela devolu\u00e7\u00e3o das \u00faltimas bases militares no Senegal (AL JAZEERA, 2025; AP NEWS, 2025). Essa inflex\u00e3o ret\u00f3rica, entretanto, contrasta com o ressentimento acumulado por d\u00e9cadas de atua\u00e7\u00e3o unilateral, associada a din\u00e2micas neocoloniais e \u00e0 persistente instrumentaliza\u00e7\u00e3o das for\u00e7as armadas para a conten\u00e7\u00e3o de amea\u00e7as que, embora locais, eram percebidas sob a \u00f3tica securit\u00e1ria europeia (RFI, 2025).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A crescente desconfian\u00e7a das popula\u00e7\u00f5es africanas em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 presen\u00e7a militar estrangeira tem sido explorada por governos e movimentos nacionalistas da regi\u00e3o, sobretudo ap\u00f3s os golpes de Estado ocorridos no Sahel. A deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o das rela\u00e7\u00f5es bilaterais dos pa\u00edses africanos com a Fran\u00e7a, somada \u00e0 ascens\u00e3o de narrativas anticoloniais e ao reposicionamento geopol\u00edtico de atores como R\u00fassia e China, fragilizou a margem de manobra francesa (BUSINESS INSIDER AFRICA, 2025). A presen\u00e7a militar, antes vista como um pilar para estabilidade regional dos governos formais, passou a ser contestada por seu fracasso em conter o avan\u00e7o jihadista e por sua associa\u00e7\u00e3o a regimes impopulares.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paralelamente ao recuo f\u00edsico, a diplomacia francesa tem buscado reposicionar-se em f\u00f3runs multilaterais. Em julho de 2025, Paris voltou a defender a amplia\u00e7\u00e3o do Conselho de Seguran\u00e7a da ONU, com maior representa\u00e7\u00e3o africana; em uma tentativa de reconstruir pontes diplom\u00e1ticas e mitigar cr\u00edticas quanto \u00e0 sub-representa\u00e7\u00e3o do continente nas estruturas de governan\u00e7a global (ANADOLU AGENCY, 2025). Essa manobra busca reafirmar o compromisso da Fran\u00e7a com uma ordem internacional mais inclusiva \u2014 ainda que, aos olhos de muitos pa\u00edses africanos, permane\u00e7a cercada por ambival\u00eancias estrat\u00e9gicas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O fim da presen\u00e7a militar francesa no Senegal, portanto, n\u00e3o encerra a influ\u00eancia da Fran\u00e7a na \u00c1frica, mas sinaliza uma transi\u00e7\u00e3o em ambos continentes. Se, por um lado, Paris se v\u00ea compelida a rever seus instrumentos tradicionais de proje\u00e7\u00e3o de poder, por outro, surgem desafios sobre como preservar seus interesses estrat\u00e9gicos num continente cada vez mais assertivo e plural em suas alian\u00e7as. A \u00c1frica Ocidental, ao mesmo tempo que rejeita a tutela externa, ainda demanda coopera\u00e7\u00e3o em \u00e1reas cr\u00edticas como seguran\u00e7a, economia e transi\u00e7\u00e3o energ\u00e9tica \u2014 e busca parceiros alternativos para tal.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Refer\u00eancias:<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AL JAZEERA. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Former colonial ruler France hands over its last military bases in Senegal<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 17 jul. 2025. Dispon\u00edvel em:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2025\/7\/17\/former-colonial-ruler-france-hands-over-its-last-military-bases-in-senegal\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2025\/7\/17\/former-colonial-ruler-france-hands-over-its-last-military-bases-in-senegal<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Acesso em: 24 jul. 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ANADOLU AGENCY. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">France urges greater African representation on UN Security Council<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 17 jul. 2025. Dispon\u00edvel em:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/africa\/france-urges-greater-african-representation-on-un-security-council\/3639141\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/africa\/france-urges-greater-african-representation-on-un-security-council\/3639141<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Acesso em: 24 jul. 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AP NEWS. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">France to withdraw troops from Senegal, ending its military presence in West Africa<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 17 jul. 2025. Dispon\u00edvel em:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/senegal-france-military-withdrawal-57d150687e18cd20ac6a6d7194821208\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/senegal-france-military-withdrawal-57d150687e18cd20ac6a6d7194821208<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Acesso em: 24 jul. 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">BUSINESS INSIDER AFRICA. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exclusive: How misunderstanding with countries like France is worsening insecurity in West Africa<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2025. Dispon\u00edvel em:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/africa.businessinsider.com\/local\/lifestyle\/exclusive-how-misunderstanding-with-countries-like-france-is-worsening-insecurity-in\/02v17xg\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/africa.businessinsider.com\/local\/lifestyle\/exclusive-how-misunderstanding-with-countries-like-france-is-worsening-insecurity-in\/02v17xg<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Acesso em: 24 jul. 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">EURONEWS. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">France withdraws troops from Senegal, ending military presence in West Africa<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 17 jul. 2025. Dispon\u00edvel em:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/2025\/07\/17\/france-withdraws-troops-from-senegal-ending-military-presence-in-west-africa\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/2025\/07\/17\/france-withdraws-troops-from-senegal-ending-military-presence-in-west-africa<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Acesso em: 24 jul. 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">REUTERS. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">France ends permanent troop presence in Senegal<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 17 jul. 2025. Dispon\u00edvel em:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/africa\/france-ends-permanent-troop-presence-senegal-2025-07-17\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/africa\/france-ends-permanent-troop-presence-senegal-2025-07-17\/<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Acesso em: 24 jul. 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RFI \u2013 Radio France Internationale. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">French army to leave Senegal amid Africa downsizing<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 17 jul. 2025. Dispon\u00edvel em:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/en\/africa\/20250717-french-army-to-leave-senegal-amid-africa-downsizing\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/en\/africa\/20250717-french-army-to-leave-senegal-amid-africa-downsizing<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Acesso em: 24 jul. 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>* Giancarlo Gouveia \u00e9 acad\u00eamico do curso de Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais UFPEL e pesquisador no LabGRIMA.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A decis\u00e3o da Fran\u00e7a de retirar suas tropas do Senegal, encerrando oficialmente sua presen\u00e7a militar permanente na \u00c1frica Ocidental, representa mais do que uma reconfigura\u00e7\u00e3o log\u00edstica, marca o fim simb\u00f3lico de uma era de influ\u00eancia direta sobre o continente.<\/p><p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/2025\/07\/28\/o-fim-da-era-militar-francesa-na-africa-por-giancarlo-gouveia\/\">Continue lendo<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":636,"featured_media":657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[75,21,28,1],"tags":[8,5,47,9,15],"class_list":["post-2327","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-expert-opinions","category-labgrima-expert","category-news","category-noticias","tag-africa","tag-china","tag-new-order","tag-russia","tag-soft-power","nodate","item-wrap"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/files\/2020\/10\/Grandes-lagos-e1753565519290.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2327","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/636"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2327"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2327\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2329,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2327\/revisions\/2329"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2327"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2327"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ufpel.edu.br\/labgrima\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2327"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}